Hives

Hives are raised, itchy swellings on the skin, also called urticaria or wheals. Individual patches may change shape or move around as new ones appear. Hives can follow infections, exposures or other triggers, and often no single cause is obvious. Hives with breathing or throat symptoms may signal a medical emergency.

Do hives always mean a food allergy?

No. A close, repeatable relationship to a particular exposure can be important, but many episodes are not caused by food. Broadly cutting out foods without advice may create unnecessary restrictions and still fail to identify the cause.

Take photographs because the rash may change before an appointment. Note when it began, how long individual patches last and whether there is swelling around the eyes or lips. Mention recent illness, new medicines or supplements, heat, exercise and other possible exposures. Do not deliberately repeat a suspected serious trigger.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Hives (urticaria) - treatment, causes and symptoms - Healthdirect Australia.

How are recurring hives assessed?

A clinician considers the pattern, duration and associated symptoms. Testing is selected according to the history rather than automatically ordering a large allergy panel. A patch that stays fixed, becomes painful or leaves bruising should be described, because it may suggest a different rash.

A pharmacist or doctor can discuss suitable symptom care. Ask what to do if the rash returns, which exposures should be avoided and whether a personal allergy action plan is needed. If you already have an action plan, keep it accessible and follow the instructions given for your situation.

When should I call 000?

Hives with difficulty breathing, throat or tongue swelling, collapse or marked dizziness can indicate anaphylaxis. Call 000 and follow your existing emergency allergy plan. Do not wait for an online appointment. Hives without emergency symptoms can often be discussed in a routine consultation, but persistent or recurrent episodes deserve review.

Where to go next

Read online doctor consultations to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.