Insomnia

Insomnia is difficulty getting to sleep, staying asleep or returning to sleep after waking, with an effect on daytime wellbeing or function. It can be short-lived or persistent. Assessment looks at sleep opportunity, routines, health conditions and other contributors rather than assuming everyone needs the same sleep duration or treatment.

When is poor sleep worth discussing?

Seek advice when the problem is recurring, distressing or affecting concentration, mood, driving or work. A few difficult nights after a disruption are different from a continuing pattern. Snoring, breathing pauses, restless legs or substantial daytime sleepiness may point to additional issues that need assessment.

A sleep diary can record bedtime, waking, naps, shift work and how you feel during the day. Estimates are sufficient; watching the clock repeatedly can become unhelpful. Mention caffeine, alcohol, current medicines and major changes in mood or stress.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Insomnia - causes, symptoms and different types - Healthdirect Australia.

What approaches might help?

A clinician may discuss sleep routines and psychological treatment specifically designed for insomnia. General sleep hygiene is one part of care, but may not be enough for a persistent problem. The doctor decides whether other investigations or treatment are appropriate.

Ask for a plan that fits your work and caring responsibilities. Avoid borrowing another person's sleep treatment or assuming a product sold without a prescription is automatically safe. If an established treatment is not helping, arrange review rather than changing the dose yourself. Follow-up should consider daytime function as well as time asleep.

When does it need more urgent attention?

Do not drive if you are dangerously sleepy. Several nights with very little sleep alongside unusually elevated mood, agitation or risky behaviour needs prompt assessment. If you cannot keep yourself safe, call 000. Telehealth can support a sleep history, but suspected breathing problems during sleep may require a separate investigation.

Where to go next

Read online doctor consultations to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.