Ultrasound

Ultrasound uses sound waves to produce images of structures inside the body. It does not use ionising radiation. It can help investigate many conditions and monitor pregnancy, but its usefulness depends on the body area and clinical question. A clinician decides whether ultrasound, another test or an examination is appropriate.

Why does preparation vary?

Some examinations need a full bladder, fasting or other specific preparation; others do not. Follow the instructions from the imaging provider for your exact test. Do not assume instructions from a previous ultrasound apply to a different body area.

Confirm the appointment, location, fee and whether you need to bring a request form or previous images. Tell the service about mobility needs, pain or communication support so appropriate arrangements can be considered.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Ultrasound - types and preparation - Healthdirect Australia.

Are all ultrasounds performed over the skin?

No. Some examinations involve an internal probe, depending on the clinical question. The team should explain the procedure, alternatives, consent and any chaperone arrangements. You can ask questions and discuss concerns before deciding whether to proceed.

During an external examination, gel and a probe are used over the relevant area. Pressure may be uncomfortable when an area is tender. Tell the operator if you are in pain. The person performing the scan may not be able to give a complete interpretation immediately.

What does the result tell me?

Ultrasound has limits, including difficulty seeing through some structures or gas. A normal result does not exclude every possible cause of symptoms. A report should be discussed with the referring clinician alongside the history and examination.

See Doccio's imaging service information for suitable request discussions. A doctor decides whether a scan is appropriate, and funding or out-of-pocket costs depend on the service. Sudden severe pain, heavy bleeding or other emergency symptoms need urgent assessment rather than waiting for an outpatient scan.

Where to go next

Read imaging to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.